apache+mod_php VS nginx+php-fpm(パフォーマンス比較)
前回の続きです → apache+mod_php VS nginx+php-fpm(環境構築)
やりたいことは、webサーバー経由でphpがDBからデータ取ってきて返すのをどこまでwebサーバーが耐えられるかな？ってところです。
ようはwebサーバーがさばけるアクセス数ですね。
ついでだから、サーバーの負荷も一緒に覗いてみようかな？って感じです。
といっても検証環境は、VM上のゲスト1サーバー全部入りです。
純粋にwebサーバーだけの負荷じゃーないです。
前置きはこのへんでいってみましょう。
負荷ツールは、apachebenchを使います。
apachebenchでwget投げて、vmstatでリソースを見てる感じです。
検証内容
まずは、何も無い時のvmstat
多重度1で100回リクエスト
これは単体でのパフォーマンスでベースになるものとします。
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- apache
- ab結果
- apache
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 1 -n 100 -g apache.1-100.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:80/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:51:59 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient).....done
Server Software: Apache/2.2.22
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 145 bytes
Concurrency Level: 1
Time taken for tests: 5.913505 seconds
Complete requests: 100
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 37800 bytes
HTML transferred: 14500 bytes
Requests per second: 16.91 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 59.135 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 59.135 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 6.09 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 0
Processing: 54 58 9.9 55 103
Waiting: 54 58 9.9 55 103
Total: 54 58 9.9 55 103
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 55
66% 56
75% 57
80% 57
90% 66
95% 87
98% 99
99% 103
100% 103 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:52:05 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
-
- nginx
- ab結果
- nginx
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 1 -n 100 -g nginx.1-100.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:81/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:52:23 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient).....done
Server Software: nginx/1.0.12
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 81
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 80 bytes
Concurrency Level: 1
Time taken for tests: 6.24247 seconds
Complete requests: 100
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 22700 bytes
HTML transferred: 8000 bytes
Requests per second: 16.60 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 60.242 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 60.242 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 3.65 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 0
Processing: 54 59 11.4 56 113
Waiting: 54 59 11.4 56 113
Total: 54 59 11.4 56 113
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 56
66% 57
75% 58
80% 58
90% 66
95% 96
98% 107
99% 113
100% 113 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:52:29 JST
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-
- vmstat
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多重度10で20秒リクエスト
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- apache
- ab結果
- apache
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 10 -t 20 -g apache.10-20.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:80/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:54:22 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Finished 850 requests
Server Software: Apache/2.2.22
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 145 bytes
Concurrency Level: 10
Time taken for tests: 20.31376 seconds
Complete requests: 850
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 321678 bytes
HTML transferred: 123395 bytes
Requests per second: 42.43 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 235.663 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 23.566 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 15.68 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 1
Processing: 87 233 83.8 228 629
Waiting: 87 233 83.8 228 629
Total: 87 233 83.8 228 629
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 228
66% 265
75% 280
80% 296
90% 339
95% 383
98% 425
99% 483
100% 629 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:54:43 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
-
- nginx
- ab結果
- nginx
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 10 -t 20 -g nginx.10-20.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:81/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:55:00 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Finished 838 requests
Server Software: nginx/1.0.12
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 81
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 80 bytes
Concurrency Level: 10
Time taken for tests: 20.2343 seconds
Complete requests: 838
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 190453 bytes
HTML transferred: 67120 bytes
Requests per second: 41.90 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 238.691 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 23.869 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 9.25 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.3 0 8
Processing: 68 236 37.7 232 386
Waiting: 68 236 37.7 232 386
Total: 68 236 37.7 232 386
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 232
66% 249
75% 261
80% 268
90% 287
95% 299
98% 330
99% 343
100% 386 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:55:20 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
多重度100で20秒リクエスト
-
- apache
- ab結果
- apache
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 100 -t 20 -g apache.100-20.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:80/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:55:41 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Completed 15000 requests
Finished 17310 requests
Server Software: Apache/2.2.22
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 145 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 20.27582 seconds
Complete requests: 17310
Failed requests: 16575
(Connect: 0, Length: 16575, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 10836483 bytes
HTML transferred: 6803020 bytes
Requests per second: 864.31 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 115.699 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.157 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 528.37 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 4
Processing: 0 107 486.3 6 4398
Waiting: 0 107 486.3 5 4397
Total: 0 107 486.3 6 4398
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 6
66% 8
75% 11
80% 13
90% 30
95% 101
98% 2408
99% 2727
100% 4398 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:56:01 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
-
- nginx
- ab結果
- nginx
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 100 -t 20 -g nginx.100-20.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:81/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:56:21 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Finished 837 requests
Server Software: nginx/1.0.12
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 81
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 80 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 20.35639 seconds
Complete requests: 837
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 190226 bytes
HTML transferred: 67040 bytes
Requests per second: 41.78 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 2393.744 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 23.937 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 9.23 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 4 13.9 0 52
Processing: 94 2243 441.0 2369 2631
Waiting: 92 2243 441.3 2369 2631
Total: 94 2247 433.1 2369 2631
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 2369
66% 2387
75% 2400
80% 2407
90% 2431
95% 2453
98% 2471
99% 2480
100% 2631 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:56:42 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
多重度100で180秒リクエスト
-
- apache
- ab結果
- apache
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 100 -t 180 -g apache.100-180.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:80/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:57:09 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Completed 15000 requests
Completed 20000 requests
Completed 25000 requests
Completed 30000 requests
Completed 35000 requests
Completed 40000 requests
Completed 45000 requests
Finished 50000 requests
Server Software: Apache/2.2.22
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 145 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 72.610223 seconds
Complete requests: 50000
Failed requests: 47185
(Connect: 0, Length: 47185, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 31120915 bytes
HTML transferred: 19470915 bytes
Requests per second: 688.61 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 145.220 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.452 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 418.55 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 5
Processing: 0 142 572.3 6 6452
Waiting: 0 142 572.3 6 6452
Total: 0 142 572.3 6 6452
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 6
66% 11
75% 14
80% 17
90% 36
95% 1509
98% 2592
99% 2949
100% 6452 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:58:22 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
-
- nginx
- ab結果
- nginx
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 100 -t 180 -g nginx.100-180.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:81/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 22:58:43 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 5000 requests
Finished 7553 requests
Server Software: nginx/1.0.12
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 81
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 80 bytes
Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 180.34281 seconds
Complete requests: 7553
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 1714758 bytes
HTML transferred: 604320 bytes
Requests per second: 41.95 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 2383.613 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 23.836 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 9.30 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 0 1.5 0 18
Processing: 114 2366 147.6 2375 2680
Waiting: 113 2366 147.6 2374 2680
Total: 114 2366 146.6 2375 2680
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 2375
66% 2392
75% 2404
80% 2412
90% 2433
95% 2451
98% 2473
99% 2489
100% 2680 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 23:01:43 JST
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-
- vmstat
-
多重度300で180秒リクエスト
-
- apache
- ab結果
- apache
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 300 -t 180 -g apache.300-180.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:80/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 23:02:17 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Completed 15000 requests
Completed 20000 requests
Completed 25000 requests
Completed 30000 requests
Completed 35000 requests
Completed 40000 requests
Completed 45000 requests
Finished 50000 requests
Server Software: Apache/2.2.22
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 80
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 145 bytes
Concurrency Level: 300
Time taken for tests: 50.202221 seconds
Complete requests: 50000
Failed requests: 48181
(Connect: 0, Length: 48181, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors: 0
Total transferred: 31259311 bytes
HTML transferred: 19609311 bytes
Requests per second: 995.97 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 301.213 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 1.004 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 608.06 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 24 357.8 0 21003
Processing: 3 241 995.7 60 27077
Waiting: 3 240 995.7 60 27076
Total: 3 265 1069.5 60 30908
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 60
66% 73
75% 84
80% 95
90% 178
95% 1141
98% 3384
99% 4414
100% 30908 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 23:03:08 JST
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-
- vmstat
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この時点でswap大量発生してたので、on/offしてみたり
[nginx-test]# sudo swapoff -a [nginx-test]# sudo swapon -a
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- nginx
- ab結果
- nginx
[nginx-test]# date; ab -c 300 -t 180 -g nginx.300-180.ab -H "Host: localhost" http://localhost:81/select.php; date
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 23:56:24 JST
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking localhost (be patient)
Completed 5000 requests
Finished 6583 requests
Server Software: nginx/1.0.12
Server Hostname: localhost
Server Port: 81
Document Path: /select.php
Document Length: 80 bytes
Concurrency Level: 300
Time taken for tests: 180.74615 seconds
Complete requests: 6583
Failed requests: 271
(Connect: 0, Length: 271, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors: 0
Non-2xx responses: 271
Total transferred: 1579538 bytes
HTML transferred: 608913 bytes
Requests per second: 36.56 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 8206.347 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 27.354 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 8.56 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 2 15.6 0 114
Processing: 122 7330 13920.8 3263 105004
Waiting: 122 7330 13920.7 3263 105003
Total: 122 7332 13930.7 3263 105113
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 3263
66% 3647
75% 4790
80% 5843
90% 8090
95% 27193
98% 60116
99% 69017
100% 105113 (longest request)
2012年 2月 12日 日曜日 23:59:24 JST
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-
- vmstat
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あれ？"軽量"ってのが売りじゃなかったっけ？
と、少ないアクセスならapacheも同等に戦えてます。
が、お腹いっぱいになるのが早い。
すでに「ab -c 100 -t 20」からはapacheは「Failed requests」を返してるので正常にさばけてない。
しかし、nginxは「ab -c 100 -t 180」まで正常にさばいてますね。
「ab -c 300 -t 180」ここまでいっちゃうとnginxもさばけなくなってしました。
この時のアクセスログのhttp statusは「499」になってました。最初見たときはちょっとびっくりした。
…"GET /select.php HTTP/1.0" 499 0 "-" "ApacheBench/2.0.40-dev"
と、まぁすでに世間で出てる通りの結果になりました。
さくっとしたものならapacheでいいんじゃね？
がんばりたいの？nginx使っちゃいなよ！！
もちろん、チューニング次第じゃ両者ともにまだまだ伸びると思いますが、参考値程度にはなったかなーと思います。
で、次回は、nginx＋php-fpm（複数）でやってみようと思います。
php-fpmを何個か上げればさらにさばけるよね？って感じです。
